It, too, drains into the posterior atria, but below the superior vena cava’s entrance. The inferior vena cava drains blood from the lower limbs and abdominopelvic region of the body, which are below the diaphragm. It discharges into the right atrium’s superior and posterior sections. The superior vena cava drains blood from the head, neck, upper limbs, and thoracic area above the diaphragm. ![]() The superior and inferior venae cavae are the two main systemic veins. The right atrium receives blood from the systemic circulation and returns it to the heart. The four chambers, major veins, and early branches, as well as the valves, are seen in this anterior view of the heart. The pulmonary and aortic valves are the valves at the apertures that lead to the pulmonary trunk and aorta, respectively. The tricuspid (right side) and bicuspid (left side) valves are the valves that connect the atria and ventricles. A valve, a specialised structure that assures one-way blood flow, is located in each of these openings between the atria and ventricles. The presence of four apertures that allow blood to flow from the atria to the ventricles and from the ventricles to the pulmonary trunk and aorta distinguishes it. ![]() ![]() The atrioventricular septum connects the atria and ventricles and is known as the heart’s valves. To gain a better knowledge of cardiac function, researchers must first investigate the interior anatomical components in greater depth.Ī septum (plural = septa) is a wall or barrier that divides the heart into chambers and is derived from the Latin word septum, which means “that that encloses.” Internal structure of heartīecause of the pairs of chambers that pump blood into the circulation, the heart’s contraction cycle follows a twofold pattern of circulation-the pulmonary (lungs) and systemic (body) circuits. The epicardium is formed by the serous membrane’s visceral layer. The human heart is a four-chambered muscular organ that is roughly the size and form of a man’s closed fist, with two-thirds of its mass located to the left of the midline.Ī pericardial sac surrounds the heart, which is lined with the parietal layers of a serous membrane.
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